Shao Song - Vol 2.4 Chapter 28

Sequence:

Song Shizu Zhao Jiu (June 21, 1107-November 9, 1187) a famous statesman, military strategist, and writer in Chinese history. Also known as Go, with the word Deji, the tenth emperor of the Song Dynasty, the ninth son of Song Huizong Zhao Ji, the half-brother of Song Qinzong Zhao Huan, and the mother Xianren Queen Wei. Zhao Jiu was born in the first year of Daguan (1107), and he was named the Duke of Shu. The Jingkang Change (1127) After the Emperors of Hui and Qin were captured by the Jin Bing and Emperor Qin, Zhao Jiu, who was named Marshal of the World Soldiers and Horses by Song Qinzong, came to the throne in Yingtian Mansion, Nanjing.

After succeeding to the throne, Zhao Jiu vigorously promoted reforms, swept away all the accumulated drawbacks since the founding of the Song Dynasty, quelled the struggle between the old and the new parties, measured the land reform tax law, and greatly eased social contradictions. After twenty years of war in the military, Jingkang was wiped out, the homeland of the Han and Tang dynasties was regained, and another great empire after the Han and Tang dynasties was established.

Song poetry and Tang poetry are both called the two peaks of Chinese culture, and Zhao Jiu’s works are one of the most glorious chapters. His works are mainly unrestrained and graceful. Most of them express their political ambitions and military life, and express their deep sympathy for the suffering lives of the people. His style of writing is majestic, generous and sad, sweeping away the wealth and exquisiteness of the pre-Song literary world, creating and prospering Jianyan literature, and leaving precious spiritual wealth for future generations.

The study of Zhao Jiu’s poems is mostly based on Jingkang’s. Zhao Jiu, as the concubine of Huizong, his early works were mainly based on the rich life and love between men and women under the forest. The style is gorgeous and gentle, and the literary value is not high. After the change of Jingkang, Zhao Jiu, who was ruined and lost his family, experienced the sufferings of the people in exile, and his thoughts changed greatly, and he quickly grew into an excellent leader. His poems are also “the vision began to widen, and the emotion became deep.” Although the current situation was difficult afterwards, his patriotic belief in restoring the Central Plains never wavered. Instead, he put all his passions and concerns and worries about the rise and fall of the country and the destiny of the nation into his poems. Such as “Qingyu Case? Yuan Xi”, “Remembering Qin’e? Yaoshan Pass”, “Qingpingle? Helan Mountain”, “Book Indignation” and so on. The few years after his abdication were another peak of his creation. During Zhao Jiu’s tour of the world, he left many poems chanting the magnificent mountains and rivers of the motherland. There are also some thoughts about life and worries about the future, such as “Yong Yu Le “Jingkou Beiguting Nostalgia”, “Linjiang Fairy? Chibi” and so on.

A major contribution of Zhao Jiu in the history of Ci lies in the expansion of the content and the broadening of the subject matter. He has more than 100 existing poems, writing about politics, military affairs, philosophy, loves, folk customs, daily life, reading feelings. It can be said that anything that can be written into any other literary style at that time , He has written all of his words into his words, and the scope is much wider than that of Su’s words. With changes in content, subject matter and emotional tone, Zhao Jiu’s artistic style has also changed in various ways. Although his words are mainly majestic and unrestrained and full of strength, he is also very handy when he writes the traditional and charming style of words. Both Zhao Jiu’s Ci and Su Shi’s Ci are well-known for their broad realm and bold emotions, but the difference is that Su Shi often experiences life with broad-minded mind and transcending time and space, and often shows philosophical sentiment. And Zhao Jiu’s Ci always embraces life with passionate feelings and lofty ideals, and more shows the hero’s pride and heroic indignation. Therefore, the strong subjective emotions and perseverance of subjective ideas constitute a major feature of Zhao Jiu’s Ci. Later generations said: the ancestors, the dragon among the people, the dragon among the words

Zhao Jiu’s Ci has a great influence in the history of literature with the patriotic thought in its content and the creative spirit in art. Whenever the country and the nation are in crisis in later generations, the spiritual power of Zhao Jiu’s poems has inspired generations of Chinese people.

Appreciation and Analysis of Poems:

Yong Yule·Jingkou Beiguting Nostalgia

[Song] Zhao Jiu

Throughout the ages, the hero is not looking for Sun Zhongmou (1). On the dance pavilion song stage, the wind is always blown away by the rain. Setting sun, grass and trees, ordinary alleys, and humane slaves once lived. Back then, Jin Ge and Iron Horse swallowed thousands of miles like a tiger (2).

Yuan Jia hastily, sealed the wolf to live in Xu, won the hurried North Gu (3). Forty-three years, I still remembered in the hope, Fenghuo Yangzhou Road (4). Looking back, under the Buddha’s raccoon shrine, there is a sacred crow shrine drum. Who can ask: Is Lian Po old enough to have a meal (5)?

Note:

(1) Sun Zhongmou: Sun Quan, the king of Wu in the Three Kingdoms period, named Zhongmou, who was once the capital of Jingkou. The founding emperor of Wu during the Three Kingdoms period. The second son of Sun Jian, he followed his elder brother Sun Ce in his childhood to ping Jiangdong. In 200 AD, Sun Ce died young. The 18-year-old Sun Quan succeeded to the throne as the lord of Jiangdong.

(2) Sending a slave: The nickname of Liu Yu, Emperor Wu of Song Dynasty in the Southern Dynasty. Liu Yu (April 363-June 422), with the word Deyu and his nickname Jinu, was the founder of the Song Dynasty during the Northern and Southern Dynasties, and was known as Emperor Wu of Song in history. An outstanding statesman, outstanding military strategist, and commander-in-chief in Chinese history. Liu Yu led the Northern Expedition twice and recovered Luoyang, Chang’an and other places.

(3) Yuan Jia is the reign of Liu Yuzi, Liu Yilong. Hasty: Reckless. In the Southern Song Dynasty (not the Southern Song Dynasty), Liu Yilong was overjoyed and hurried to the Northern Expedition. He was defeated by Tuoba Tao, the lord of the Northern Wei Dynasty. He went south with a cavalry group and returned to the north bank of the Yangtze River. The elite soldiers left by Liu Yu will be lost in one dynasty.

(4) Forty-three years ago (the second year of Jianyan), the “War of Huai Shang-Xia Cai” was the result of the war against the Jin Dynasty won by the young Zhao Jiu with the remnants of the Song Dynasty after the Jingkang Revolution. The first victory. Yangzhou Road is the road leading to Yangzhou. Song Ting, who was in exile at that time, was preparing to evacuate to Yangzhou, but when he passed through Cai, he finally made up his mind to fight to the end and finally won the war.

(5) Lian Po: Zhao, a famous general during the Warring States Period. “The Biography of Lian Po Lin Xiangru” records that after Lian Po was dismissed, he ran to Wei State. Zhao Wang wanted to use him again to send someone to see his physical condition. Lian Po’s enemy Guo Kai bribed the messenger and the messenger saw Lian Po, Lian Po made a bucket of rice and ten kilograms of meat, and was mounted on horse by armor to show that it was still usable. The messenger came back to report to King Zhao: “Although General Lianpo is old, he is good at food, but sitting with his ministers, the three leftovers (a word for feces) are all in a hurry.” King Zhao thought that Lianpo was old, so he didn’t use it.

Analysis:

In the forty-fourth year of Jianyan, Emperor Wu of the Song Dynasty, Zhao Jiu, visited Jiangnan to Jingkou. Zhao Jiu had reached the twilight of his life by this time, but his successor was still pending, and the imperial court was also surging. Zhao Jiu felt distressed, and wrote this word when he went to Beiguting.

Ci’s slogan describes the two heroes Sun Quan and Liu Yu. After Sun Ce’s death, the Sun Wu military clique was faltering with internal and external troubles. The 18-year-old Sun Quan quickly stabilized the hearts of the people after he took the throne and won the Battle of Chibi. Liu Yu committed to the Northern Expedition and successfully regained Chang’an Luoyang, which had been occupied for a century. Therefore, the author praised it very much at the end of Shangyu.

Ci’s impoverishment, but the style of painting changed suddenly. While readers were still immersed in Liu Yu’s heroic deeds, an unqualified successor let his efforts disappear. The author’s eyes are all forty-three years ago, when he was 20 years old in Huai’s battle against the enemy, but the life span of a person is limited after all. Even the old and brave Lian Po was eventually abandoned by the King Zhao. Can’t find a suitable heir and comrade, how long can I hold on?

Qingyu Case? Yuan Xi (1)

Song Zhaojiu

Flowers and trees in Dongfeng night. (2) It blows down even more, and the stars are like rain. (3) BMW engraves the car and the road is full of fragrance. The phoenix flute sounded, the jade pot turned light, and the fish and dragon danced overnight. (4)

Moer snow willow golden strands. (5) The laughter is filled with fragrance. People look for him thousands of Baidu. Suddenly looking back, the person was there, dimly lit. (6)

Note:

(1) Sapphire case: ci brand name. “An” is pronounced wan, the third sound, and the same sound as “Bowl”. Yuan Xi: The 15th day of the first lunar month of the summer calendar is the Yuan Festival, the Lantern Festival, and this night is called Yuan Xi or Yuan Ye.

(2) “Dongfeng” sentence: Describes the many lanterns on the night of the Lantern Festival. There are as many flowers and lanterns as a thousand trees blooming.

(3) Stars like rain: refers to fireworks, falling like rain. Star refers to fireworks. Describe the sky full of fireworks.

(4) BMW carved car: a luxurious carriage.

Fengxiao, a good name for Xiao. This refers to the performance of shengxiao and other musical instruments.

Yuhu: Metaphor of Mingyue. Can also be interpreted as a finger light.

Fish and Dragon Dance: refers to the dancing fish-shaped and dragon-shaped lanterns, like fish and dragons making trouble in the sea.

(5) Moths, snow willows, and golden strands are all kinds of decorations worn on the heads of ancient women. This refers to the woman in costume.

(6) Suddenly: Suddenly, suddenly. Faint: The appearance is scattered and sparse.

Creative background:

At the beginning of the third year of Jianyan (1129), Jin Jun encircled the emperor in Nanyang, trapped Han Shi loyal to the Changsha. At that time, the deputy of the Tokyo Left-behind Department stayed behind Du Chong to garrison Yanling to collaborate with the enemy to avoid war. Emperor Du, Hu Yin, Lin Jingmo, and Wan Tong went out of Nanyang, dived across Bishui, and stayed in Licheng. Claiming to be an angel, Chen Chi entered Du Chongbi and seized his army. To make Yue Fei a general, Yu Jiazheng Changsha, break it, and cut tens of thousands of Puchahu Balu. To make Yue Fei’s south obstructing technique, Shi Zhongbei was lazy.

On the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, the imperial driver returned to Bian, and the remaining 200,000 people shed tears: “I don’t want to see the prestige of the Han official again today. But when I enter the city, I see Zongze who stayed behind. The disease is strong, the emperor holds hands and weeps, and he swears sincerely. Finally, the two rivers will be restored. At the time of the Shangyuan Festival, Ze invited poems, and then made the “Qingyu Case” as a gift.

————”Shaosong Book? Shizu Benji”

Analysis:

The first half of the word 　　 mainly describes the scene of the city full of lights on the night of the Tokyo Lantern Festival before the Jingkang change. Before the Dongfeng urged the flowers to bloom, they first blew the fire tree silver flowers of the Lantern Festival. It not only blows on the lanterns on the ground, but also blows down the rainy colorful stars from the sky-the fireworks that are set off first rush into the sky, and then fall from the sky, like a meteor shower. Then I wrote about the paradise of horses and horses, drums, lights and moons, and the “social fire” operas where people sang, danced, and diversified. The dizzying “treasure”, “carving”, “phoenix”, “jade”, all kinds of beautiful characters, just to give the atmosphere of the lantern to express the spirit, probably the kind of paradise-like prosperity on earth is not a pen and ink. It can be written, fortunately there are these beautiful words, just to talk for help.

Xialu specializes in writing people. The women with bright ornaments on their heads laughed and laughed while walking. After they left, the fragrance of clothes was still floating in the dark. These beauties are not the people whom the author intends to care about. I saw that he was only looking for someone among the hundreds of people-but he was always hard to find, and there was no hope anymore. Suddenly, his eyes lit up, and beside that corner of the residual lamp, he clearly saw it, it was her! That’s right, she had never left in this neglected place! The moment he found that person was the condensation and sublimation of the spirit of life, and the inexplicable gratitude seal of sorrow and joy. At the end, the ingenuity of the poet’s conception is revealed: the lanterns, the moon, the fireworks, the flute, the social dance, the intertwined Yuanxi jubilation, and the dazzling teams of beautiful women , It turned out to be just for the person you want, and if there is no such person, then everything has no meaning or interest.

Evaluation:

“Qingyu Case? Yuan Xi” has the reputation of “Song Ci No. 1”, not only the poem itself is gorgeous, but also because the emotion contained in the poem is like ocean waves surging in layers, impacting the soul of readers. And this emotion is exactly the difference between this poem and Zhao Jiu Jingkang’s works which are also full of gorgeous rhetoric.

First of all, from the superficial interpretation of the words, it is mostly believed that Zhao Jiu recalled the past in Tokyo when he was a rich and noble prince, and an amazing encounter during a certain Shangyuan Festival. At the same time, he also wrote about the prosperity of Tokyo during the Shangyuan Festival and the luxurious life of ladies in the Song Dynasty. . Later generations of literati believed that only relying on the outline of the scenery at this level would be enough to get a foothold in Song Ci.

Secondly, no matter how beautiful the scene in the word is, it only exists in memory. In connection with the current situation in Tokyo, it is the ultimate sacred scene to express the ultimate grief. Song Ting, who had been in exile for three years, had just returned to the old capital, but Tokyo, which had a population of nearly 1.5 million, had less than 200,000 people left, and no lanterns have been seen for several years. Comparing the two, the more memorable the story, the more unforgettable the bitterness of the hatred of the country and the family.

The third level of meaning of the word, Xiayu is written on the surface of “women”, and actually written on the monarchs and ministers. Since Dr. Qu Yuan, the graceful beauty has often been more than the righteousness of the emperor and the minister, and the metaphor here is the staying guard Zongze in Tokyo. When Song Tingnan fled, Zong Ze strongly supported the sick to defend Tokyo, gathered the refugees to appease the rebels, and wrote to Zhao Jiu hoping that the imperial court would return to Tokyo as soon as possible. At that time, Zhao Jiu was eager to escape, unable to realize Zongze’s painstaking efforts, unable to realize what kind of people the country needs to support, instead, he was confused by Kang Lu, Huang Qianshan and other officials. By the time Zhao Jiu finally realized who was the national dry city, Zongze had been dying of illness for a short time, just as the words described: Twilight looked back, but the man was there, in a dimly lit place.

When I finally realized who was the most important person to me, the Sri Lankan had already gone far. It also took advantage of the situation to derive the fourth meaning of the word, that is, the author’s regret and guilt. At the beginning of his succession, Zhao Jiu once lost his faith in fighting against gold. Within three months, Li Gang stopped the prime minister, Zongze was abandoned in Tokyo, Hebei’s defense was completely abolished, and the imperial court was also preparing to flee to Yangzhou. Although Zhao Jiu finally changed his mind and insisted on the anti-golden resistance, his previous actions have deeply hurt the feelings between Zongze and other anti-golden soldiers and civilians. Therefore, this term is also acknowledging his mistake to Zongze and vowing to Zongze that he will recover Lianghe in this life. At that time, Wan Chengmao, who was known for his integrity at the time, also praised: “Seeing this word, you will know that Zong staying behind will let go of the past and go away.” And Zongze also agreed with Zhao Jiu’s change before he died, believing that he would. Become a great emperor.

And the last layer of artistic conception of the word is full of hope for the future. Although the “beauty” only appeared in the dimly lit places, would Zhao Jiu and the Song court, who had been rejuvenated, still watched her go away? The anti-golden situation has improved, and the hope of victory has emerged. Next, Zhao Jiu will work with his country to advance toward the dream of making Song great again. Their goals must be achieved, and their goals must be achieved.

“The Green Jade Case” not only has superb skills, gorgeous text and the prosperity of Feng Heng Yuda, but also has the pain of the country’s ruined family, the self-examination and growth of the great emperor, the understanding and recognition between the monarchs and the ministers, and even more. Firm faith and hope. The small words of just sixty-six characters are rich in emotion and deep in connotation, but they are advancing like the Qiantang River tide, making people feel surging. Therefore, it has been respected for thousands of years, and finally won the reputation of “No. 1 Song Ci” and “No. 1 Ci in the World”.

Hillside sheep? Tong caring for the ancients (1)

Song Zhaojiu

The peaks and ridges are like gathering, the waves are like anger, and the mountains and rivers are on Tongguan Road (2). Looking west, hesitated. (3)

Sad Qin and Han Scriptures, all the palaces have made earth (4). Prosperity, people suffer; death, people suffer (5).

Note:

(1) Hillside Sheep: The name of the lyric brand, Song Shizu is proficient in rhythm, this is Zhao Jiu’s self-innovation.

(2) The peaks and ridges are like gathering: It describes the clusters of peaks, and the ridges are piles of mountains. Gather: gather; surround

The waves are like anger: describe the surging waves of the Yellow River. Anger: Refers to turbulent waves.

“Mountain and river” sentence: The outside is mountains, and the inside is river, which describes the dangerous terrain in Tongguan area. Specifically, it refers to the Yellow River outside Tongguan and Huashan Mountain inside. Inside and outside: inside and outside.

(3) Xidu: refers to Chang’an (now Xi’an, Shaanxi). This refers to the capital built near Chang’an since the Qin and Han dynasties. The Qin and Western Han dynasties established Chang’an as the capital, and the Eastern Han dynasty established the capital of Luoyang, so Luoyang is called the eastern capital and Chang’an is the western capital.

hesitate: hesitating, wandering, and worrying, here describes the ups and downs of thoughts, feeling that Wan Duan fell into contemplation, indicating that his heart is not at peace.

(4) Sadness: Something that makes people sad. Qin and Han Scriptures: Xianyang, the capital of the Qin Dynasty, and Chang’an, the capital of the Western Han Dynasty, are both west of Tongguan in Shaanxi Province. Passing place, passing place. Refers to the site of the ancient capital of Qin and Han Dynasties.

(5) Rise and Fall: Refers to the rise and fall of dynasties.

Creative background:

In the early summer of the third year of Jianyan, Zhao Jiu had just returned to the old capital after three years of exile. Zhao Jiu, who has experienced the suffering of the people, discussed and criticized the controversial words of Wen Yanbo, the prime minister of Song Shenzong, with the prime minister Lu Haowen. We should rule the world with the people”. And two days later, Lu Haowen was entrusted to transfer the term to Hu Yin, the then Kansai system manufacturer.

Analysis:

The whole word is divided into three levels: the first level (the first three sentences), which describes the majestic and dangerous situation of Tongguan. This layer depicts the magnificent scenery of Tongguan, vivid image. The first sentence writes the overlapping peaks and mountains, Tongguan is surrounded by mountains, and the word “ju” makes the readers show the tendency of Huashan galloping and the mountains standing together; the mountain is still, “such as “Ju” transforms static into movement, and the word “ju” expresses the numerous and dynamic feelings of peaks and mountains. The second sentence is the raging Yellow River. The word “anger” writes the surging waves of the Yellow River. The word “anger” also personifies the river, and the word “anger” injects the feelings of grief and indignation caused by the poet’s hanging on to the present. The third sentence states that Tongguan is located at the place where the Yellow River is surrounded by mountains and the cold current of the Yellow River. So far, we can see the majestic and majestic atmosphere of Tongguan. Such a dangerous place is a must-see for military strategists of the past.

The second level (four to seven sentences). The two sentences “Wang Xidu” describe the author’s infinite emotion when looking west to Chang’an. Chang’an, the capital of the famous Han and Tang empires in history, there have been many emperors who have worked hard to govern in the past, who have performed grand plans and made achievements here; and there have also been so many unruly faint emperors who have abused and murdered here. The people have become the sinners of history. How much blood and sweat did the people of Li people shed on this land of Chang’an! This is the reason and content of the author’s “intentional hesitation”!

“Sad Qin and Han” two sentences, describing the Qin and Han dynasties, have become historical relics. The countless halls and pavilions of the Emperor Qin and Hanwu have now been wiped out and turned into dust. The Qin and Han dynasties, which were once prosperous for a time, have all perished in the roar of the people, as if “all the imperial palaces were all made of soil”. How much emotion is sent to the author between the lines.

The third level (the last four sentences), the author is always sad: the rise or fall of dynasties in the past brought disasters and sufferings to the people. This is a conclusion summarized by the author from the history of the rise and fall of the emperors. The meanings of the three layers are intertwined and deepened, the thoughts become more and more open, and the feelings become stronger and stronger, forming a whole. In the whole scene, there is a scene in the scene, and the scene is blended.

Evaluation:

“Mountain Slope Sheep? Tong Caring for the Ancient” is also Zhao Jiu’s representative work. He fully demonstrated the author’s political ambition and great personality, so he has been respected by future generations for thousands of years.

The author adopts a layer-by-layer approach, from depicting the scenery and reminiscing about the past, and then triggering discussions. The perfect combination of the vast scenery, deep emotions and the rhetoric of the three makes this small order have a strong appeal. The lines between the lines are full of historical vicissitudes and a sense of the times, with the characteristics of nostalgic poems and a distinctive melancholy style.

“Rise and fall”, the author based on his own experience, coldly pointed out that whether a dynasty has risen or died, there is not much difference in the living standards of ordinary people. Behind the prosperity of Song Fengheng, the former great leader of Jingkang, was the endless greed and extravagance of the rulers, so that large-scale people’s uprisings were triggered in the prosperous south of the Yangtze River; and the war after Jingkang burned out the last vigour of the people. The theme extracted by the author from the summary of history is extremely clear and profound, and the questions raised are very important and acute. It expresses the author’s deep sympathy for the people. This ending is indeed a thousand-for-all, one word, sharp and alert, rich and deep, and it is a very incisive summary of the whole word.

From a historical perspective, Zhao Jiu may be the most special of all emperors. When the country was shattered, there were many sons and grandchildren who had been living among the people who had experienced hardships, but he was the only one who had re-supported the country. It can be said that the experience of falling into the cloud contributed to Zhao Jiu’s transformation, and when he returned to the center of the stage again, he had become the only person in Chinese history who empathized with the people’s life and connected the people’s suffering to himself. , This kind of feudal ruler who does not seem to be “qualified”. Throughout history, there are many words of princes who will love and care for the people. Before this, the most famous sentence was “Water can carry a boat and can also overturn it” by Emperor Taizong Li Shimin. But this is still the ruler’s view of the people in a superior posture, and its purpose is simply to stabilize the rule. Only the two sentences of Zhao Jiu’s rise and fall, truly from the perspective of the common people, the Tao has exhausted the suffering of the people at the bottom. As Lu Xun said, the rise and fall of the country is only the difference between the era when they want to be slaves and the era when they temporarily stabilized slaves. Fortunately, people at that time met Zhao Jiu, and the troubled times were quickly brought to an end. Be able to settle down. What is even more commendable is that Zhao Jiu has done his own work. He is self-sufficient in raising fish and mulberry in the palace, and the cost in the palace is also the lowest in all dynasties. At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, the children of the royal family had to cultivate a small piece of land by themselves, which also made the emperors before the farming activities evolved into a ceremonial nature to have a certain understanding of the difficulties of crops, and they were able to collect taxes reasonably.

“Mountain Sheep” is Zhao Jiu’s own creative song. Before Jingkang, Zhao Jiu, as the concubine of Huizong, had no political prospects. Because of her humble birth, her own mother is not valued by Huizong. Therefore, Zhao Jiu studied rhythm not only to stay away from the court and not to be jealous of the prince at the time and later Qin Zong, but also to obtain the Huizong blue eyes, who is proficient in rhythm, in order to improve his own situation. But the music learned for favor is the people who ultimately praise the people. I’m afraid this is the difference between the great emperor and the king of subjugation.

Song Shizu Poetry Appreciation IV

“Moyuer” (1)

Song Zhaojiu

is more able to eliminate, several winds and rains (2), and return in a hurry in spring. Cherish the spring, I am afraid that the flowers will bloom early, not to mention the countless red flowers. Live in spring, see and say, there is no way back for the end of the world. Resent Chun not to say a word. Only diligence, painting eaves and cobwebs, and doing all the catfish in Yogyakarta (3).

Nagato incident (4), the quasi-preparation period is wrong again. Mobs were jealous. Qianjin buys the phase like a gift, and who will complain about this love (5)? Jun Mo Wu, you do not see, Yuhuan Feiyan are all dust (6)! Worry is the most bitter! Xiu went to lean against the dangerous fence (7), the setting sun was right, and the Yanliu had broken intestines.

【Comment】

(1) Moyuer: Ci brand name.

(2) Elimination: endure.

(3) It’s only diligent: I want to come to have only the cobwebs under the eaves, but also diligently moisten the flying catkins to keep the spring scenery.

(4) Nagato: the name of the palace in the Han Dynasty. Empress Wu was kept in claustrophobia after falling out of favor. Sima Xiangru’s “Nagato Fu Preface”: “Queen Xiaowu Chen is lucky and jealous. Don’t be in Nagamen Palace, sad and sad Thinking, Wen Shu County, Chengdu Sima Xiangru, the world’s work as a literary, pays millions of gold, as Xiangru, Wenjun takes wine, because of sorrow, and Xiangru as a literary in order to enlighten the Lord, Empress Chen is lucky. ”

(5) Pulse: long and deep.

(6) Jun: Refers to the person who has harmed the country.

Yuhuan Feiyan: Yang Yuhuan and Zhao Feiyan are both in the name of disaster to the country.

(7) Dangerous fence: railings on tall buildings.

【Creative Background】

This word was made in the spring of the first year of Jingkang in the Southern Song Dynasty (1126 AD), after the Jin army first invaded and retreated to the south.

At this time, the Southern Song Dynasty in the precarious situation got a respite, but the Southern Song court did not cherish it. On the contrary, the two emperors of Hui and Qin rebelled again, and there were constant disputes on the court. Within a year, there were 26 people who have boarded. In the position of prime minister, no one made effective anti-golden arrangements. However, Zhao Jiu gained a certain degree of prestige because he invited himself into the gold camp and made great achievements, but because of this, he was more jealous of Qinzong Zhao Huan and had to stay away from the court. At this time, Zhao Jiu watched the crisis worsening, but was unable to change it. He was so distressed that he could not explain clearly, so he created this song “Moyuer”.

【Appreciation】

can withstand a few winds and rains, and return in a hurry in spring. Cherish the spring, I am always afraid that the flowers will bloom too early, not to mention the countless red blooms at this time. In spring, please stay here for now. Haven’t you heard that the sky of grass has blocked your way back? It’s really hateful that spring is so silent, it seems that the only people who are passionate and passionate are the cobwebs between the carved beams and painted buildings, which are contaminated with flying flies all day long in order to keep the spring.

Nagato Palace Gillian hopes to be called fortunately again, but she has made an appointment but has repeatedly delayed. People are jealous because they are too beautiful. Even if you used your daughter to buy Sima Xiangru’s famous poetry, who would you tell this affectionate love? I advise you not to get overwhelmed, don’t you see that the smashing Yuhuan and Feiyan have all turned into dust. Idle sorrow afflicts people the most bitterly. Don’t go upstairs and lean on the railing to look at, the setting sun that is about to sink is right there, heartbroken smoke and willow misty place.

【Evaluation】

This article was written in the spring of the first year of Jingkang (1126). When Zhao Jiu was 18 years old. After working as a rich and noble prince for many years, Zhao Jiu’s thinking was changed due to the danger of the country’s death, and he began to consider the future of the country. During the first siege of the Jin army, Zhao Jiu asked himself to enter the gold camp as a pledge, and politely fought back the Jin Ren’s rudeness. Zhao Jiu’s performance won the respect of the Jinren, but it also made the cogent Southern Song Dynasty monarchs faceless. The author suffered a squeeze blow because of this, and his aspirations to help the danger and rescue were unable to display, and the strategy of regaining lost ground was not adopted. The author sees Jing Shengqing, and uses this poem to express his long-standing depression in his chest.

This poem is written on the surface of the depression of a woman who has fallen out of favor, but in fact it expresses the author’s worries about national affairs and the heavy feeling of being repeatedly excluded. The poem expresses strong dissatisfaction with the mediocrity and decadence of the Southern Song court and the rampant pride of the surrenderists.

The first film used “chun” as a metaphor for the opportunity to fight against gold, and described the complex emotions of cherishing, resenting, and staying in spring. The poem started with “It’s more able to eliminate the wind and rain”. On the surface, it was written for Chunhua, but in fact, it was worried about how many blows the Southern Song Dynasty could bear in the crisis? Originally, the balance of power between Song and Jin was not without the power of a war, but due to the mediocrity and corruption of the court and the rampant destruction of the capitulationists, the opportunity to resist the gold was lost in vain. Although there were several fighters during this period, they all failed due to the informants from the surrender faction. The good time to fight against the gold is fleeting, and “the spring is back in a hurry” is a vivid portrayal of this situation. The great spring of Anti-Golden Rejuvenation has disappeared. How does the author miss this great spring! “Cherish the spring and fear that the flowers will bloom early.” However, reality is ruthless: “Not to mention countless reds!” These two sentences fall together, showing the contradiction between ideal and reality. “Luohong” is a symbol of the passing of spring. It symbolizes the decline of state affairs, and also embodies the author’s sigh of inefficiency in his career.

Facing the disappearance of spring, the author did not stand still. On the contrary, out of patriotic indignation, he screamed: “Living in spring! Seeing that there is no return for the grass on the end of the earth.” These two sentences knew that the return of spring was an irretrievable law of nature, but he forcibly kept it. On the surface, it says “cherish the spring”, but it is actually admonishment to the imperial court: only insisting on resisting gold is the only way out, otherwise the “fragrance” in the city of Tokyo will only be withered. From “Resentful Spring Without Words” to the end of the film, despite the author’s strong call and serious warning, the spring scenery is hard to stay and it is inevitable, so it is inevitable to produce strong “resentment”. But what’s the use of resentment! In desperation, the author’s efforts and screams are nothing but “cobwebs” leaving a little bit of “flies” that symbolizes spring, and it retains a trace of comfort against gold. These four sentences intertwined complex feelings such as “cherish the spring”, “stay in the spring”, and “resent the spring”, and end with a small “flying flock”. Among the four layers of the film, there are ups and downs, waves, and setbacks, which cleverly reflects the author’s complex and contradictory mood.

The next film borrows Chen Ajiao’s story to write about the patriotic affection and the sorrow that has nowhere to pour out. This film can be divided into three levels, showing three different contents. From “Nagato affair” to “Who will complain about this situation” is the first level. This is the main point in the word. The author compares Chen’s Queen Nagato’s fall from favor, “Emei was jealous” to show that he has been repeatedly received coldly and cannot be reused. The three sentences of “Jun Mo Wu” are the second level. The author uses Yang Yuhuan and Zhao Feiyan as metaphors for those in power who have lost the country and temporarily succeeded, and warned the surrenderers. At the end of the article, “The most bitter melancholy” is the third level. With the bleak scene of the smoky willow and setting sun, it describes the faint and decayed court of the Southern Song Dynasty, the sunset on the west, and the precarious reality~www.mtlnovel.com~ This poem has distinct artistic characteristics. . One is to create a symbolic image to express the author’s love for the motherland and concern for the current situation through the bixing technique. The anthropomorphic technique and the use of allusions are also just right. The second is to inherit the fine tradition of Qu Yuan’s “Li Sao” and use the feelings of men and women to reflect the actual political struggle. The third is lingering twists and turns, depressed and frustrated, showing a unique style of poetry. On the surface, this poem is written “tracefully”, but in fact it is extremely sad, extremely painful, melancholic, tragic, and full of twists and turns.

In terms of writing technique, the author creatively used graceful words to make a bold and unrestrained poem, and analyzed from two angles, both of which belonged to excellent works, setting a new generation and greatly expanding the scope of poem writing. It also reflects the author’s profound literary skills.

From the content point of view, “Moyu’er” is Zhao Jiu’s first tangible work. The author changed from the past gorgeous and subdued style of poetry and began to reflect current events. The thought of worrying about the country and the people contained in it is profound and heavy, which is obviously the result of long-term thinking. This is also a focus of controversy in later generations: Is Zhao Jiu’s frivolous romanticism before Jingkang, is it true in nature, or is it to avoid self-defilement? But in any case, the tide of Jingkang’s years has already prompted Zhao Jiu’s transformation and washed it out more tenacious and courageous, giving him the ideological consciousness to shoulder the world. Therefore, half a year later, the Jin Army went south for the second time, and Zhao Jiu was once again appointed as an envoy to the Jin Army, but this time he did not comply.

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