The Rise of the Writers of the Republic of China - Chapter 1004

  When the sun was about to set, Zhou Hexuan came to a suburban estate in Kolkata.

   As we said earlier, the owner of the manor is the Indian philosopher Aurobindo Gauss. This person was born in the Brahmin caste, graduated from Cambridge, proficient in many languages, and was one of the leaders of the early national liberation movement in India.

  Aurobindo is very old and has lived in the French colony of India all the year round-a choice that he wants to live in India but does not want to be colonized by Britain. He did not join the Progressive Writers’ Association of India, but this time he made a special trip back to his hometown to free up his manor as a gathering place for writers.

  The British colonial government did not allow progressive writers to gather together. It is possible that two or three writers drinking together would be arrested on the charge of conspiracy to rebel…

   “Master, Mr. Zhou and his wife are here.” Partida went in and reported.

  Aurobindo stood up with a walking stick and said to the two men in the parlor, “Let’s go meet them together.”

  The two men are the Indian “King of Fiction” Premchand and the Indian progressive poet Josh Malihabad.

   “I can’t wait!” Premchand laughed.

The    writers’ gathering will not officially start until tomorrow. The purpose is to discuss the development of the progressive literary movement in India in the next few years. Most of the writers are still on their way.

   The three came out together and shook hands with Zhou Hexuan warmly.

   Tagore died last year, and now the bearer of Indian literature is none other than Premchand. Anand, Sagard and others originally founded the Progressive Writers Association of India, but when the association was truly established, everyone publicly recommended Premchand as its chairman.

   If you compare Premchand with a certain Chinese writer, he can be called “Indian Lu Xun”. This man liked to write about rural realism and was the first Indian writer to delve into rural issues. It is a pity that he is not revolutionary enough. He is a typical reformist and pinned his hope of turning over the poor in India on the alms of those in high positions. To put it bluntly, as long as everyone gives a little love, the world will be a better place.

  Aurobindo’s thinking is similar, the Indian philosopher created his own “social evolution theory”. He believes that society is composed of people, and everyone achieves spiritual evolution through self-improvement, and collectively they can achieve social evolution. If you think about it carefully, it is probably the view of Confucianism. If everyone is a gentleman, if there is benevolence and harmony, the society will progress and the country will prosper.

   What’s more nonsense is that Aurobindo believes that the spiritual evolution of the individual, after the realization of social evolution, will lead to the evolution of the nation. When countries are spiritually unified, they can live in harmony, no wars will break out, and even the whole world can be integrated, which is the so-called “spiritual age”, which is similar to the final realization of communism.

  These Indian scholars seem to have gone astray in their spiritual thoughts…

   But they speak excellent English, all in standard London accents, not curry English that makes you want to hit the wall.

   Don’t look at Premchand growing up in the countryside, he was so poor that he could only make ends meet as a teacher in middle school. But the family’s original surname is “Rai”, a typical Brahmin surname, and is proficient in languages ​​such as Latin, English, Hindi, Persian and Urdu.

This is the difference between    Indian progressives and Chinese progressives.

  India’s national independence movement was initiated by the emerging bourgeoisie and represented the demands of the bourgeoisie. 99% of their progressives belong to the upper castes, and may have sympathy for the lower castes and untouchables, but they are only sympathetic, belonging to the “good heart” of the upper class. Even Gandhi was forced to compromise before he agreed to give untouchables the right to vote after the founding of the country.

   The national independence movement in China came from the entire Chinese nation. Whether it is businessmen, scholars, landlords, farmers, workers, and handicraftsmen, they all take national independence and national rejuvenation as the starting point. Even if the dictatorship is as usual, Kaishen will issue a series of decrees that benefit the poor at the bottom. Although these decrees are made crooked when they govern, they have to be pretentious in the end.

What    is really lacking in India is a spirit called “the princes and generals are kind to each other”. Its class has long been solidified, it is now, it will be the same in fifty years, and it may not change even in a hundred years.

  Why most Indians don’t have toilets at home?

  Because the toilet excrement is dirty, even people of the lowest caste are reluctant to touch it, the work of excavating excrement workers can only be done by untouchables. But the untouchables are untouchables, and they are more filthy than feces. It is impossible for the four castes to let untouchables enter their homes to dig feces.

   This formed an infinite loop, which made the toilet become a difficult problem similar to land reform in India, so much so that Mr. Modi shouted the slogan of “toilet revolution”.

Premchand seemed to admire Zhou Hexuan very much. He said: “Mr. Zhou, I have read your masterpiece “Goddess” no less than ten times. I tried to imitate, but unfortunately my style of writing is not suitable.”

   “Great works are not limited in form, Mr. Rye, your novels are equally wonderful.” Zhou Hexuan did not lie, he had really read Premchand’s novels.

   20th century Indian writers, the most famous in China is of course Tagore, followed by the present Premchand. Especially at the beginning of the founding of New China, Premchand was highly regarded in China, because his works often reflected rural issues, and he was considered by Chinese researchers as a representative writer of the poor and lower-middle peasants in India—in fact, he was a Brahmin landlord.

  Premchand said: “”The Goddess” taught me something about the situation in China, especially in rural China, where you don’t seem to have a caste system?”

   “Yes, in terms of basic civil rights, all Chinese are born equal.” Zhou Hexuan shook his head. This is a skill he has just learned, and shaking his head in India is a sign of approval.

  Poet Josh Malihabad said with emotion: “China is naturally more progressive than India in this regard.”

Aurobindo began to sell his philosophical ideas again, saying: “The history of mankind has five stages, namely the symbolic age, the typical age, the agreed age, the individualistic age and the spiritual age. Including India, most of the world’s Countries are in an age of convention. I think in another 30 years, human beings will enter the age of individualism. At that time, Indians can achieve the goal of social evolution through their own spiritual evolution, and the Indian caste system will naturally dissolve.”

   “There will be that day.” Premchand actually agreed.

  Aurobindo asked: “Has Mr. Zhou studied philosophy?”

   “I don’t know much.” Zhou Hexuan said.

Aurobindo said: “The ultimate goal of human social evolution is spiritualization. When material civilization develops to the highest point, people will no longer suffer from food, clothing, housing, and transportation. Everyone’s spirit will be perfect, and everyone will be a sage. Philosopher. The origin of the universe is also a supernatural pure spiritual entity, which I call ‘Brahma’. ‘Brahma’ can transcend time, space, quality and all forms, and does not depend on other things to exist. The spiritual evolution of human beings is the response to ‘Brahma’. perception…”

   Zhou Hexuan felt a little dizzy, this Nima is not talking about philosophy, but theology, right?

  What kind of person is our Mr. Zhou? Don’t talk about magic sticks, he and pigs can have something in common.

“The ‘Brahman’ that Mr. Gauss said reminds me of the Chinese ‘Tao’,” Zhou Hexuan immediately succeeded in picking up the topic, using transliteration, “Taoists believe that ‘Tao’ is the origin of the universe, the ultimate truth of all things, and embodies all things. And it does not depend on all things to exist. Human beings have evolved after perceiving ‘Tao’, upgraded from mortals to sages, and more advanced are saints, supreme and real people. The standard of the sage is to know the laws of heaven and earth, the laws of all things. The standard of the sage It is the perfection of knowledge and action, and the perfect moral character. The standard of perfection is…”

  What philosophy? Isn’t it just bragging!

   Zhou Hexuan bragged that the world changed color, and the three Indian literary giants were stunned for a while.

Aurobindo was especially interested in that set of Taoism, and he clapped his hands and said, “All roads lead to Rome, and the truth of the world is the same. The ‘Tao’ mentioned by Mr. Zhou should be the ‘Brahma’ I said. ‘, but with a different name.”

   “Yeah, Indian philosophical thought and Chinese philosophical thought have a lot in common, we can communicate more in the future.” Zhou Hexuan said with a smile.

   This is India’s leading philosopher, this is the leader of the early Indian independence movement…